Re-pointing
What is re-pointing and how can it help.
Re-pointing is the method of removing the crumbling exterior 5/8" to 3/4" of the mortar joint and replacing it with a new mix.
The structure needs to be in sound condition for the re-pointing to hold , meaning there can be no loose brick or stone etc and it should not have a hollow sound if tapped on with a hammer, it should sound solid.
The re-pointing mortar mix is different than stone setting or brick laying mortar . Brick and stone laying mortar is a combination of Portland cement, lime and sand. The lime weakens the mortar somewhat but also gives it elasticity and prevents cracking.
The re-pointing mortar on the other hand will only end up being 3/4" deep so it needs to be stronger, there is no lime added, just Portland cement & sand. It's a strong semi-dry mix but needs to be since it's on the face of the stone or brick and needs to withstand the elements.